Working Mode of Electric Motor

Electric motors generally refer to generators and electric motors.

Electric motor refers to an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits electrical energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction.

Electric motors, also commonly known as motors, are represented by the letter "M" in the circuit (formerly known as "D" in the standard). Their main function is to generate driving torque as a power source for electrical appliances or various machinery.
 

The generator is represented by the letter "G" in the circuit. Its main function is to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Currently, the most commonly used method is to use thermal energy, water energy, etc. to drive the generator rotor to generate electricity.

Electric motors are divided into three working modes based on their heating conditions:

Continuous working mode (requiring long-term work, temperature rise can reach stable temperature rise), short-term working mode (relatively long pause time. When working, stable temperature rise cannot be achieved; when stopping, it drops to environmental temperature rise), periodic working mode (intermittent working system. When working, stable temperature rise cannot be achieved; when stopping, it cannot drop to environmental temperature rise).
 

The temperature rise of an electric motor refers to the value by which the temperature of the stator winding of the motor exceeds the ambient temperature under rated operating conditions (the ambient temperature is specified as 35 ℃ or below 40 ℃, and if the specific value is not indicated on the nameplate, it is 40 ℃).
 

Main technical parameters of electric motors

1. The rated parameters of DC motors (data on the nameplate) include:

① Rated power Pn (kW)

② Rated voltage Un (V)

③ Rated current In (A)

④ Rated speed n (r/min)

⑤ Excitation method and rated excitation current Ifn (A)

⑥ Rated excitation voltage Ufn (V)

Derived parameter: Rated torque (N · m)=9550 * Pn/n
 

The motor operates reliably and has good performance under rated conditions (with all parameters being the same as the rated value).

If it operates for a long time in a state where the current is below the rated current (under load), the operating efficiency is not high and energy is wasted;

If the motor is operated for a long time in a state where the current exceeds the rated current (overload), it may burn out due to overheating.

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